Le rôle des technolgies de l’informtion et de la communication dans l’évolution des conflits

Abstract

In the era of information and communication technologies, the field of power goes beyond the material sphere proper to encompass an intangible field where the control of information becomes strategic in a more massive way than through the past. Now, whoever masters information controls the future. A new strategic vision is needed. The ICT revolution is therefore taking place today in one of the most sensitive areas of the power issues of tomorrow's world, that of information. If we are to believe the American essayist "Alvin Toffler", "in the era of the power of wealth and strength will succeed that of knowledge: scientific knowledge, information, new technologies, computer networks that will upset strategy and conflict management ''. The use of these technologies in general is a fact of society all over the world. But we are at a loss to apprehend all the consequences that they will have tomorrow. Moreover, to want to plan everything in the management of a conflict, in which ICT allows the participation of several internal and external actors, one would probably be, in one way or another, on the wrong track. States and all parties to a conflict must pay more attention than ever to the challenges of these information and communication technologies. Both positive stakes due to the wealth of information and the saving of time, but to learn about new techniques and means engaged in a conflict leading to the definition of new threats to the security and defense of a country. The finalization of this study can only determine the prospects for a major project in the field of the use of ICT in conflicts that remains to be undertaken. This is reflected in a number of multidisciplinary lines of thought that allow us to go into more detail and support the changes that the world of conflicts will experience in the years to come in all sectors of activity. Through this work, we wanted to emphasize the close link between the theme of management and the evolution of conflicts in the era of technological development at the level of information and communication. The control and mastery of information in the era of the telecommunications revolution has developed with the advent of digital electronic communication. It is now the objective of States to maintain their supremacy over small Thesis abstract: The role of ICT in the evolution of conflicts groups of criminals or terrorists who operate on the Internet (social networks, Facebook, twitter, etc.) supported by the media (television, radio, newspapers, etc.). etc.) in order to jeopardize the security of a country. Given the progression and evolution of conflicts today, a good number of countries may experience various threats, because of the exponential development of information and communication technologies. They will probably weigh more heavily on countries that are not equipped with adequate control means and prepared to use countermeasures to remedy them. Resolving a conflict in the ICT age that opens up a field for a multitude of stakeholders can not be summed up by the adoption of repressive or dissuasive measures. On the other hand, it is a question of putting in place an active prevention policy, based largely on an awareness of the vulnerabilities to which society is exposed, including the institutions and bodies of the State as users of these technologies. Great vigilance is required in the face of the exponential development of ICTs, poorly mastered or too weakly regulated, they could lead to serious attacks on the fundamental principles of the State and its security. Finally, it is important to take up the challenge of supervising the incessant explosion of these information and communication technologies without ever losing sight of its fundamental values, its national security imperatives, its interests and the aspirations of its society. . Thus, well-exploited and mastered ICTs could serve as a lever for technological, political, military and social modernization, not a means of destroying States and entire Nations.